Select annotated bibliography entry
Karamustafa, Ali Aydin. “Who Were the Türkmen of Ottoman and Safavid Lands? An Overlooked Early Modern Identity.” Der Islam (Berlin) 97, no. 2 (2020): 476–99.
Study of the term Türkmen in medieval and early modern western Asia, with special attention to how its definitions excavate the history of largely rural nomads. The article investigates how the term was used to articulate resistance to Anatolian and Iranian imperial orders after the 16th century. Of interest to students of history, Islamic studies, and Middle East studies.
